Allergies in Dogs and Cats: Symptoms Owners Miss

If your dog constantly licks their paws, scratches their ears, or seems itchy year-round, allergies may be the culprit.

Allergies are one of the most common reasons pet owners visit the veterinarian. While some symptoms are obvious, others can be surprisingly subtle and are often mistaken for normal behaviours.

The good news is that allergies can often be managed successfully once the underlying cause is identified.

What Causes Allergies in Pets?

An allergy occurs when the immune system overreacts to something that would normally be harmless.

Common allergy triggers include:

Environmental Allergens

• Pollen
• Grass
• Trees
• Mould
• Dust mites

Food Allergies

Certain proteins or ingredients in food can trigger allergic reactions in some pets.

Flea Allergies

Some pets are extremely sensitive to flea saliva. Even a single flea bite can cause significant discomfort.

What Are the Signs of Allergies?

Unlike people, who often develop sneezing or watery eyes, pets frequently show allergies through their skin.

Common Symptoms Include:

• Excessive scratching
• Licking or chewing paws
• Recurrent ear infections
• Red or irritated skin
• Hair loss
• Head shaking
• Scooting
• Skin infections
• Chronic licking of specific areas

Many owners assume these behaviours are simply habits, but they can be signs of an underlying allergy problem.

Symptoms Owners Often Miss

Paw Licking

Many owners think paw licking is normal grooming.

Occasional licking is normal. Persistent licking, chewing, or stained fur between the toes may indicate allergies.

Ear Problems

Recurring ear infections are one of the most common signs of allergies, particularly in dogs.

If your pet frequently develops ear infections, allergies may be contributing to the problem.

Changes in Skin Colour

Chronically inflamed skin may appear darker, thicker, or develop a different texture over time.

Seasonal Patterns

Does your pet seem worse every spring or summer?

A seasonal pattern often points toward environmental allergies.

How Are Allergies Diagnosed?

Diagnosing allergies can take time because many other conditions can cause similar symptoms.

Your veterinarian may recommend:

• Physical examination
• Flea prevention trial
• Dietary elimination trial
• Skin testing
• Allergy testing
• Evaluation for secondary infections

The goal is to identify the underlying trigger and develop an effective treatment plan.

How Are Allergies Treated?

Treatment depends on the cause and severity of symptoms.

Options may include:

Allergy Medications

Modern allergy medications can significantly improve comfort and reduce itching.

Dietary Management

Pets with food allergies often improve with carefully selected diets.

Flea Prevention

Consistent flea control is essential, even for indoor pets.

Allergy Immunotherapy

Some pets benefit from allergy-specific immunotherapy designed to reduce sensitivity over time.

Managing Secondary Infections

Skin and ear infections commonly occur alongside allergies and may require treatment.

When Should You See a Veterinarian?

If your pet is experiencing:

• Persistent itching
• Recurrent ear infections
• Hair loss
• Red or irritated skin
• Excessive licking or chewing

it's worth booking an appointment.

The sooner allergies are identified and treated, the more comfortable your pet can be.

Final Thoughts

Allergies are incredibly common in both dogs and cats, but they often look different than many owners expect.

What may seem like a harmless habit, such as paw licking or ear scratching, could actually be your pet's way of telling you something isn't right.

With proper diagnosis and treatment, most pets with allergies can live happy, comfortable lives.

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Co-written with Antonia Ward - client care specialist - Harmony Veterinary Services LTD